连续缓解率达73%!BCMA-CAR-T治疗多发性骨髓瘤效果显著!
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">虽然CAR-T细胞疗法诞生的时间并不长,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>其在血液肿瘤治疗中取得了非常好的治疗效果,不论是反应率还是<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>缓解率,都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>说是<span style="color: black;">非常</span>喜人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T细胞疗法展示的出色效果,很大一部分<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的靶点:CD19,这个在所有B细胞上高度表达、在其他细胞上罕见表达的靶点,使得CAR-T细胞<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">精细</span>靶向肿瘤细胞、并且不杀死<span style="color: black;">身体</span>正常的细胞。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>所有上市的CAR-T细胞疗法均是以CD19为靶点。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span>上,除了CD19靶点之外,还有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>其他的靶点蓄势待发:正<span style="color: black;">所说</span>辽阔天地、大有可为,在血液肿瘤中就还有多个靶点值得<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>关注,其中最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的一个,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>BCMA。针对BCMA靶点研制出的新的CAR-T细胞疗法<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在多发性骨髓瘤中取得了非常好的治疗效果,并以强大的数据登上了国际顶级医学期刊《NEJM》(除《CA》以外期刊影响因子最高的期刊)。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-f961324fe8f8800c5f4c6a1b3219d05f_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>:《NEJM》官网<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>该项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>在Clinicaltrials官网披露的<span style="color: black;">信息</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>看到,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>进行的是一项2期的临床<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,<span style="color: black;">科研</span>最<span style="color: black;">起始</span>开展是在2017年12月5日,这款新的CAR-T细胞疗法的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为bb2121(Idecabtagene vicleucel,ide-cel)<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>后面就以bb2121<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>呼。其针对的肿瘤类型为多发性骨髓瘤,<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的靶点为BCMA。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-efb476e7d20671cbe05a32041d1cbe46_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-1bf2c36513a0a0d4d9e2f68179b413a6_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>:Clinicaltrials官网<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这里</span>项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中,招募的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>均是接受过3项治疗方式以上的复发、难治性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>蛋白酶体<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂,免疫调节剂和抗CD38抗体等治疗后<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>依旧<span style="color: black;">发展</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一共有140名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>参与实验,其中有128名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>接受了bb2121治疗。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>这些人群,中位的随访时间为13.3个月,而在这超过1年的随访中,有73%(94名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>)的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>治疗有反应,其中有33%(42位)的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span>了完全反应,并且预后相当友好。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在完全缓解的42名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中,一共有33名<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>MRD阴性状态——MRD是多发性骨髓瘤的独立预后<span style="color: black;">原因</span>之一,MRD的<span style="color: black;">连续</span>状态<span style="color: black;">能够</span>预测<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>(PFS)。这个比例高达79%!<span style="color: black;">按照</span>观察,这些<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的中位<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>期为8.8个月。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当然,说完了治疗效果,自然是要说到副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的,在接受治疗的128名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中,<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>:中性粒细胞减少、贫血和血小板减少等。关于CAR-T细胞疗法<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的细胞因子风暴(CRS),有7例<span style="color: black;">病人</span>达到3级或以上;神经毒性副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,则有4例<span style="color: black;">出现</span>3级的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,实验中<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>高于3级的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。总体<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>在可控范围内。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">和<span style="color: black;">日前</span>标准的多发性骨髓瘤的治疗相比,此次<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的结果<span style="color: black;">已然</span>超过了多发性骨髓瘤的标准治疗所<span style="color: black;">得到</span>的结果。诸如selinexor,panobinostat和isatuximab等<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的缓解率<span style="color: black;">一般</span>为25~30%,<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>期为3~4个月。与之相比,bb2121的<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>期翻了一倍以上,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是基于此,<span style="color: black;">科研</span>团队<span style="color: black;">已然</span>提交了<span style="color: black;">关联</span>申请,将bb2121<span style="color: black;">做为</span>多发性骨髓瘤的标准疗法,预计食品<span style="color: black;">药物</span>监督管理局会在3月底前给出答复。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除了血液肿瘤治疗之外,CAR-T细胞<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>在实体肿瘤中发力,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>利用CAR-T细胞自分泌PD-1抗体从而更好的杀死实体肿瘤的报告。而<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>着<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的深入,相信会有越来越多的治疗靶点登上历史舞台,开启更为<span style="color: black;">波涛</span>壮阔的CAR-T细胞治疗新世界。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">参考资料:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.CAR T-cell therapy generates lasting remissions in patients with multiple myeloma</p>
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